A completed Empires in Arms campaign, 1805-1807.
| Nation | Current Victory Points | Scenario Goal | Points Needed | Necessary Points Per Economic Phase |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Britain | 51 | 105 | 54 | 13.5 |
| France | 75 | 130 | 55 | 13.75 |
| Austria | 44 | 110 | 66 | not possible |
| Russia | 19 | 115 | 96 | not possible |
At the end of 1806 both Russia and Austria were out of the running for pre-eminence. Britain was in a position to undermine France's position to make it impossible for the French to win. Thus the scenario was won by Britain.
The actual heads of state during the time period of Empires in Arms, and the dates of their reigns:
With only four players, only two of whom knew the game well, it was decided to play the 36-turn 1805-1807 campaign game. Player bids:
The uncontrolled major powers (UMPs) are Prussia, Spain, and Turkey. Their controllers for 1805 are:
France declared war on Romagna, the Dutchies, Hesse, Berg, and Bavaria. Britain declared war on the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. France formed an alliance with Turkey while Britain allied with Spain. The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies sided with France, Romagna with Britain, Bavaria with Austria, and Hesse, Berg, and the Dutchies with Prussia.
Blockade at Marseilles: The French and Sicilian fleets attempted to run the British blockade with 25 ships versus the British 21. The French lost 6 ships and the British 7, although 4 of those 7 were able to make it to Gibraltar to be repaired.
Seige of Ismail: The Russians broke into the city and the Turkish defenders surrendered.
Cossacks occupied the Armenian cities of Erzurum and Trebizond.
Seige of Belgrade: The Austrians broke into the city and the Turkish defenders surrendered.
Seige of Kessel: The French broke into the city and killed 14,000 German defenders, losing only 2,000 men in the attack.
British began seige of Palermo. French began seige of Munich.
France declared war on the Papal States and Austria. Prussia allied with Austria.
The Russians advanced to Galatz and laid seige to it. The French occupied Vienna.
Battle of Mantua: John of Austriašs I CAV & II Corps (38,000 infantry & 6,000 cavalry) versus Massena's Light Infantry and III Corps (38,000 infantry & 6,000 cavalry). The French attacked by Echelon & the Austrians defended with a Cordon. The Austrians broke at the end of the day. John escaped with losses of 16,000 infantry and 4,000 cavalry, after inflicting only 4,000 losses on the French infantry.
west of Vienna, Napoleon fought the Austrians. The French forces consisted of the Imperial Guard, II CAV, and I Corps (50,000 infantry, 18,000 cavalry, 10,000 guard). The Austrians under Mack consisted of II CAV, II Grenadier, and II Corps (30,000 infantry, 12,000 cavalry, 6,000 guard). Napoleon attacked with a Probe & Mack defended with a Cordon. The French pounded the Austrians all day, but the Austrians held their ground, withdrawing in good order at night after losing 16,000 infantry. Napoleon lost only 2,000 infantry.
Seige of Munich: The Bavarians sortied, killing 2,000 Frenchmen. Munich held.
Battle of Belgrade: Turkish forces under Pechlivan Khan attacked the Austrians under Charles. The Turks had Anatolian I and III, 1st Jannisaries, NC, and I CAV. The Austrians had I CAV, I Grenadier, and I Corps. Total Turkish forces were 62,000 men, including 26,000 cavalry, while the Austrians had 30,000 infantry, 8,000 guards, and 12,000 cavalry. The Turks attacked with an Assault while the Austrians Defended. The Turks broke, and Austrian pursuit brought Turkish casualties up to 20,000 -- the Austrians only lost 8,000 men.
Seiges of Sarajevo & Milan: Both cities held out against the Austrians.
Battle of Vienna: Mack's II, IV, II Guard, and II CAV corps (34,000 infantry, 6,000 guard, 12,000 cavalry) versus the lone French III Corps (28,000 infantry, 2,000 cavalry). Napoleon was lurking nearby, and with that in mind the French launched a spirited counterattack against the cautious Austrian probes. Before midday the French had already caused 4,000 Austrian casualties and taken only half that number. Then Napoleon arrived at the head of an army of 76,000 men. The Austrians were annihilated and General Mack himself was captured. Total French casualties for the day were 4,000 men.
Seige of Palermo: The British broke into the city with an army 20,000 strong and massacred the 8,000-strong Sicilian garrison, taking only 10% casualties.
The French conquered the Dutchies, Hesse, Berg, Romagna, and Austria conquered Venetia.
The Austrians sued for peace with France. Napoleon's response was to demand that Emperor Francis surrender to both France and her ally Turkey. Reluctantly, the Emperor agreed, upon condition that Austria not be required to pay reparations to either nation.
The terms of the treaty were considered by the French to be lenient: Austria lost Illyria and the recently-conquered Venetia to the Turks and were required to send their V Corps to serve in the Sultan's army against Russia. The French arranged a royal marriage and also forbade Austrian trade with America. Austria thereby became the first major European power integrated into the Continental System.
Following the signing of the treaty the Austrians went to war with Tuscany. France invaded Wurttemburg and Britain Sardinia. Austria allied with Britain, much to Napoleon's chagrin.
The Russians finally captured Galatz. The French conquered the Papal States and occupied Munich and Wurttemberg.
Austria declared war on Baden, Britain on Tripolitania, France on Prussia. Sinope fell to the Russians.
Battle of Ruschuk: The main bodies of the Russian and Turkish armies clashed at Ruschuk. General Bagration, commanding II, VI, and I CAV corps (50,000 men) attacked Pechlivan Khan's II & III Anatolia, NC, I Janissaries, and Imperial Cavalry (76,000 men). The Russians failed to outflank the Turkish cordon and were broken at midday. The Russians were cut to ribbons and only 10,000 men made it back to Silistra. The Turks lost only 4,000 men.
Battle of Ismail: Following the victory at Ruschuk the Turkish army attempted to liberate Bessarabia. At Ismail, 60,000 Turks attacked the Russian VIII Corps (16,000 militia). The echilon attack was met with a weak counterattack which was swiftly broken. For the loss of only 4,000 men the Turks were able to annihilate the Russians. Bessarabia returned to Turkish control.
Battle of Magdeberg: The French invaded Prussia. Davout's IV Corps (42,000 men) met the Prussian I Corps (also 42,000 men). Davout's probe of the Prussian defense found an exploitable weakness, one made even more exploitable by Soult's arrival with X Corps -- another 26,000 men. By the end of the day the Prussians fled, losing 24,000 men in the battle and pursuit; French losses were only 2,000 men.
Battle of Dresden: Napoleon himself led the I, III, II CAV and Imperial Guard (114,000 men) against Hohenlohe's II Corps and Saxony's army (54,000 men). He assaulted the Prussian defense and found his army kicked back with 6,000 casualties. With a timely commitment of the Imperial Guard at midday he managed to break the back of Hohenlohe's army. Fully 28,000 Prussians fell that day, but the cost was enormous -- Napoleon had lost 20,000 men, including 8,000 of the Imperial Guard.
Second Battle of Magdeburg: Hohenlohe reorganized his units, and at the head of III, IV, V Corps and the Imperial Guard (88,000 men) returned to Magdeburg, where Davout's IV and X Corps waited (66,000 men). Davout attempted an orderly withdrawal but was caught in the open. The Prussians assaulted his withdrawing forces and mauled them, killing an estimated 36,000 Frenchmen. The French experienced their first check -- and last for quite a while.
Britain & Spain declared war on Turkey. Austria broke her alliance with and declared war on Prussia. Turkey called on her ally, France, for aid, and France declared war on Spain.
The French fleet sortied out of Touloun with 15 ships; they were stopped by 14 Royal Navy vessels. In the ensuing battle 3 ships were sunk by the British, while the French crippled 3 Royal Navy ships, which were towed back to Gibraltar.
The Austrians laid seige to and captured Breslau. The Prussians then laid seige to the city but failed to break in; the Austrians sortied and killed 2,000 Prussians.
Battle of Hesse: East of Kessel the French IV Corps (26,000 men) clashed with the Prussian IV Corps and Saxony's army (42,000 men), under the command of Brunswick. The Prussians were on the offensive and attempted to outflank the French position. The French did not wait meekly, however, and counterattacked, managing by day's end to defeat Brunswick. Brunswick lost 6,000 men; 8,000 French were lost.
At Rome the Spanish pursued the Neapolitans, laid seige to the Eternal City, and captured it. The Turkish seige of Galatz continued, while their seige of Ismail was successful -- Bagration and the Russian II Corps were taken prisoner. Napoleon laid seige to Berlin and Golgau.
Third Battle of Magdeburg: French IV, XI, and Imperial Guard (50,000 men) under Ney attacked Brunswick's Prussian and Saxon armies (36,000 men). The French probed the Prussian defenses, which held through the day. Brunswick staged an orderly withdrawl at night. French casualties numbered 4,000 while the Prussians suffered 6,000.
Battle of Rome: The French II Corps (42,000 men) under Massena faced Castanos' I Corps (38,000 men). Cautious French probes were met by an escalated counterattack on the part of the Spaniards. The two armies fought until early midday, then withdrew. French casualties were 12,000 as compared to 8,000 for the Spanish.
Tripolitania & Saxony were conquered.
Britain and Russia signed a formal alliance. A Turkish army landed in Syria, forcing the Cossacks to flee Damascus.
The Royal Navy, with aid from the Spanish Armada, stormed the French port of Touloun. Fully 106 ships attacked the port during the raid, sinking 12 French ships, and losing only one Spanish ship. Five Spanish and five British ships were crippled and limped back to Gibraltar.
Battle of Breslau: Charles led an Austrian army to relieve John under seige at Breslau. Charles split his force in half and outflanked the Prussians under Hohenlohe (78,000 men) with a force of 30,000. The Prussian counterattack was a disaster, with 4,000 being killed before the outflanking force -- another 28,000 men -- arrived to drive them from the field. By early afternoon the Austrians held the field, having taken fewer than 1,000 casualties, and 20,000 Prussians had been lost.
Battle of Wittenburg: A French army of 34,000 under Ney's command defeated Brunswick's 26,000 Prussians at Wittenburg, inflicting 10,000 casualties at a cost of only 2,000 French lives.
Second Battle of Rome: Once again the French II Corps (30,000 men) under Massina attacked Castanos' I & I CAV Corps (22,000 men). The Spanish attempted to outflank the attacking French units, but their probe of Spanish defenses discovered the danger and struck before 8,000 more Spanish cavalry could arrive. By the time Castanos' manuever was completed it was too late -- the French sent the Spanish running, killing 8,000 of them for losses of only 6,000.
West of Warsaw Hohenlohe attacked the French I Corps in the open, pitching 58,000 Prussians against 56,000 fresh French troops. His assault against the French defense was a costly failure. The Prussians fled the field, losing 20,000 men and killing only 12,000 French.
Prussia sued for peace with Austria and France. Austria accepted a conditional peace and imposeed a 2-year peace treaty and a ban on trade with Britain. France insisted upon unconditional surrender and got reparations, the use of the Prussian I Corps, and Silesia, Posen, and Masovia. The territorial concessions reduced the size of Prussia's economy by a little over 40%.
Spain came to peace with Turkey and France. Corfu shook off Russian domination. France declared war on Mecklenberg.
There was a naval battle east of British-occupied Rhodes. The Russian Second Fleet encountered the Sultan's navy, pitting 19 Russian ships against 22 Turkish. The resulting battle was fought to a draw, with 7 Russian ships being disabled, 3 Turkish ships sunk, and 2 crippled.
Battle of Odessa: The Turks invaded Russia. A Turkish force 124,000 strong met Bennigsen's army (42,000 men) at Odessa. The Turks assaulted the Russian defense and despite a good showing by the Czar's men the battle was a draw. The Russians withdrew at night after losing 22,000 men and causing 6,000 Turkish casualties.
The Papal States were conquered by France. The Austrians broke into Freiburg, but the Germans threw them back out of the city.
Britain declared war on Sardinia. The Austrian seige of Freiburg continued. Austrians in the Sultan's service lay seige to Sinope.
Battle west of Ekaterinoslav: Pechlivan Khan's invasion of Russia progressed further north and spread out, forced to cover his supply lines and protect his depots from Cossacks. By the time the Turkish army met Kutusov and the Russian I and III Corps (62,000 men) they were only 56,000 strong. Pechlivan Khan attempted to outflank the Russians with the majority of his force but was caught by an escalated counterattack against his 20,000-strong pinning force. The rest of his army arrived just in time to force a draw. The Turks lost only 12,000 men but were able to inflict 30,000 casualties on the Russians.
France conquered Mecklenberg.
Battle of Brest-Litovsk: Napoleon invaded Russia with 140,000 men comprising the French I, IV, II CAV Corps and the Prussian I Corps. At Brest-Litovsk he caught Czar Alexander with the Russian VII Corps and the Imperial Guard (34,000 men). Alexander set up his forces to defend his position, but French probing found the Russians' weak spot. Losing only 2,000 men in the battle, Napoleon was able to annihilate the Russian army and capture the Czar.
The Turks laid seige to and captured Nemirov and Erzurum. The Russian garrison at Sinope was starved out by the Austrians. Freiburg continued to hold out against the Austrians. Sardinia was conquered by Britain.
Russia sued for peace with France and Turkey. Both accepted a conditional peace. Russia surrendered no territory, but had to agree to a royal marriage with the Turks, cutting off trade with the United States, reparations to France, and a 24-month peace treaty with France.
Prussia & Spain allied. Freiburg held out against Austrian attacks but surrendered when provisions ran out.
Turkey declared war on Egypt and Britain on Cyrenaica.
Battle of Benghazi: The British I Corps and I CAV landed at Benghazi and assaulted the Cyrenaican army, pitting 24,000 Britons against 16,000 Arabs. The Cyrenaicans launched an escalated counterattack which killed 2,000 British troops, but were cut to ribbons, losing 10,000 in the battle and pursuit which followed. The surviving 6,000 cavalry retreated into Benghazi itself. The British stormed the city, and at the cost of another 2,000 lives captured Benghazi.
Austria conquered Baden.
A time of alliances: Russia allied with Prussia and Turkey, and Prussia with Britain.
Battle of Cairo: The Turkish Macedonian and Rumelian corps (48,000 men) attacked the I Egyptian corps (40,000 men) outside of Cairo. The Turks launched an assault and the Egyptians unsuccessfully counterattacked. Well before noon the Turks send the Egyptians into headlong flight. In the morning battle itself 4,000 men were lost on each side, but the Turkish pursuit of the fleeing Egyptians was unrelenting; only 6,000 infantrymen made it to Cairo to join the 4,000 cavalrymen of the II Egyptian corps garrisoning it. When the Turks attacked the city the Egyptians put up a heroic resistance. Fully 8,000 Egyptians fell in defense of the city, and though they inflicted only 4,000 casualties the Turks were forced to withdraw.
Britain conquered Cyrenaica.
Bids for UMPs produced no changes. France bid 3, Britain 6, Austria 5 and Russia 10.
Britain declared war on Algeria, which aligned with France. The Turks broke into Cairo again and the Egyptian garrison surrendered. Wellington made his first appearance in battle, leading the British seige of Algiers.
Turkey declared war on Tunisia, which aligned with Britain. The British broke into Algiers and the Algerian garrison surrendered. The Turks laid seige to Tunis; the Tunisians sortied and slew 2,000 Turks. Turkey conquered Egypt.
Russia and Spain signed an alliance. The Turks continued their seige of Tunis. The British conquered Algeria.
France declared war on Spain. Britain declared war on Morocco, which aligned with France. The Turks continued their seige of Tunis.
The Spanish, carried by Royal Navy vessels, invaded Holland and Mecklenberg. They laid seige to Lubeck and Amsterdam. At Amsterdam they managed to break into the city with 60,000 men under Castanos, facing a Dutch garrison of 34,000 men and 2,000 French military advisors. The Spanish were forced out of the city; each side lost 10,000 men.
The British laid seige to Tangier. The Moroccans sortied but found the British ready for them -- they lost 2,000 men.
The French laid seige to Barcelona, San Sebastian, Burgos, and Gerona. They broke into Saragosa and forced the garrison to surrender.
Battle of Amsterdam: The French V Corps and Prussian I Corps came to the relief of the Dutch with 46,000 men, forcing Castanos' I, III, and Cavalry Corps to battle with 72,000 troops against 50,000. The French began a coordinated echilon attack and were caught by the Spanish counterattack. An inconclusive battle produced 12,000 French casualties and 8,000 Spanish; the Spaniards withdrew to safer ground.
The garrison at Lubeck surrendered to the British when provisions ran out.
In the fourth month of the seige, the Turks broke into Tunis, forcing a Tunisian surrender. Gerona, Burgos, and Leon fell to the French. The French seige of Barcelona continued, and Madrid was put under seige as well. San Sebastian was starved into submission. The British seige of Tangier continued.
Battle of Lubeck: Soult led the French IV and V Corps (32,000 men) against the Spanish II and VIII Corps (20,000 men) under Blake. The French assaulted the Spanish defense and the battle was fought to an inconclusive finish, with 6,000 troops falling on each side. Blake withdrew to Hanover.
Second Battle of Amsterdam: Davout took command of the French II and IX Corps, and the Prussian I Corps (104,000 troops), and led them against Castanos, who was down to only 42,000 men. Castanos planned to outflank the French, but French probes soon discovered the tactic and the Spanish army was smashed. For a loss of only 8,000 men, Davout reduced the Spanish force by 34,000 and sent the survivors fleeing into Prussian territory.
France continued the advance into Spain despite heavy guerilla resistance. They laid seige to Corunna, which was able to hold out for a few weeks, finally surrendering when supplies ran out. Madrid, however, fell to a force of 60,000 men. Fighting within the city led to 2,000 French casualties, but the entire 8,000-man garrison was destroyed. At Barcelona a force of 20,000 men broke in and the garrison surrendered. Cartagena also succumbed to the French.
Spanish guerrillas attacked the French in Leon; both forces were broken and retreated. A major guerrilla attack occured west of San Sebastian as 10,000 Spanish partisans attempted to take a French supply depot. The French resoundingly defeated them, killing 6,000 and sending the rest fleeing.
In Africa, Tangiers surrendered to the British and Tunisia was conquered by Turkey.
Prussia resumed trading with Britain in defiance of its treaty terms with Austria.
Combined British and Spanish fleets launched a raid on La Rochelle. Each of them lost six ships, but the French lost 14. Ten damaged hulks were saved by the Royal Navy.
Six thousand Spanish guerrillas attacked a lightly-defended French supply depot in Leon and were routed. The French V Corps broke into Valencia and the VIII Corps into Seville.
British invasion of Castille: A British force (III Corps, with 20,000 men) came ashore west of San Sebastian and annihilated the French I CAV corps (4,000 men) in an Escalated Assault whilst they were trying to Withdraw. Ney's VII Corps (26,000 men, including 6,000 cavalry) was nearby and counterattacked, launching an Echelon attack against the British Cordon. Though Ney managed to force the British to retreat along the coast (and inflicted 8,000 casualties to his own 4,000), his own force was battered and forced to withdraw inland.
Morocco was conquered by the British. French antipartisan sweeps cleared out Old Castille and Galicia.
Russia declared war on Austria. They occupied Lublin, Lemberg, and Czernowitz.
A combined British-Spanish fleet raided Amsterdam with 103 ships against 15 Dutch. The Dutch fleet was annihilated, while the British lost only 8 vessels.
The Austrians allowed the French into Bohemia to attack the Spanish at Theriesenstadt. The French IV Corps (30,000 men) faced the Spanish I CAV Corps (8,000 men) and annihilated it, with insignificant French casualties.
In Spain, Ney led the French VII Corps (34,000 men, including artillery) against the invading British III Corps (down to 12,000 men). They met west of San Sebastian. Ney launched a Probe of the British Defense, found the weak spot, and annihilated the entire army with virtually no casualties.
In the mountains of Andalusia, Soult led an attack against Wellington's combined British-Spanish army. The French VIII Corps and II CAV (12,000 men) attacked the British I, V, and CAV Corps (40,000 men), plus the Spanish IV Corps (18,000 men). The morning went well for Wellington, as the French lost some 8,000 men against virtually no Allied casualties. Shortly before noon, Soult's outflanking force of 22,000 infantry arrived, and behind them came Napoleon at the head of the V Corps -- 40,000 men determined to prevent Soult's army from breaking. They had come too late, however. Wellington won the day and caused a total of 24,000 casualties, losing only 10,000 himself in the shock of Napoleon's abortive attack.
French antipartisan sweeps in Spain accomplished nothing. Guerrillas banded together in Gerona to form an 8,000-strong army; they attacked a French depot, and 2,000 men on each side were killed. Other guerrilla attacks were launched in Valencia and Catalonia, but with forces half as large, and with no success.
At Seville, the British I Corps and I CAV storm the city, slaying the 2,000-man garrison and taking it back from the French. More Spanish guerrillas appeared in Galicia, Old Castille, Aragon, and Murcia.
Guerrillas continued to appear in Spain, in Galicia and Andalucia. There were no partisan attacks. In Estremadura, northeast of Badajos, Soult made preparations to attack Castanas' army, but the Spanish slipped away before battle could be joined. In the mountains of Andalucia, Napoleon led 20,000 men against the British V Corps and annihilated it. Antipartisan sweeps cleared out Murcia, Galicia, and Valencia.
France and Turkey declared war on Austria.
With two Austrian armies advancing into Russian-held Galicia, Kutusov decided to intercept the one led by Charles. This pit 162,000 Russians with artillery against 110,000 Austrians. Charles ordered an Assault and was prepared for a Russian Counterattack. When it came, the result was a crushing defeat for the Russians, with heavy casualties for both sides -- 36,000 Russians and 32,000 Austrians fell at Krakow.
Charles pursued Kutusov east of Krakow and caught up to him. He Outflanked the Russian Defense and crushed it, losing only 14,000 men but wiping out 64,000 Russians.
The Turks broke into Vienna and Gratz, and laid seige to Saltzburg.
Russia surrendered to Austria. Whilst no territory was ceded, a royal marriage was arranged and the Russians agreed to have their I Corps fight for the Austrians.
Austria surrendered to Turkey. Turkey insisted on a royal marriage as well, and on an extended (24-month) peace.
Austria surrendered to France. France cut off Austria's American trade.
In the wake of war, several new alliances were formed: Austria allied with Turkey, France, and Russia.
The French laid seige to Gibraltar and Badajos, but break into Seville and retake it.
Spanish guerrillas killed 2,000 French in Valencia. A large guerrilla force drove the French to seek refuge in Burges in Old Castille. Two large armies were formed in Catalonia and Aragorn -- 20,000 Spanish partisans in each army attacked the French occupiers. In Catalonia they were able to capture and destroy a French depot, but in Aragorn they were routed.
Britain declared war on Turkey and invaded Tunisia with 40,000 men against 12,000 defenders. The Turks were defeated. Turkey called on Russia for aid; Russia declined and broke the alliance with Turkey. Tunisia and Egypt were made self-governing states.
Battle of the Adriatic: Nelson attacked the Turkish navy and forced them to flee to Zara. In the battle the British lost 2 ships and the Turks 13. Nelson himself was shot by a Turkish sniper and sent home to Britain to recover.
The French broke into Badajos. Spanish partisans broke French supply lines. A guerrilla force of 24,000 in Valencia attacked and killed 2,000 Frenchmen.
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